Abstract
Toxicity study of Sanguinaria canadensis L. was determined as compared to Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f. against brine shrimp (Artemia salina). Upon statistical analysis of obtained toxicity bioassay data through the method of probits, LC50 of Sanguinaria canadensis was estimated as 0.021 mg/ml, with (95% C.I : 0.0091-0.0485) whereas Aloe vera was found to be almost non-toxic showing relatively higher LC50 that is, 180783.7 mg/ml.
These results show that Aloe vera that is being used widely as an herbal medicine throughout the world, could be used safely for other various expected purposes for instance IPM etc. where the excessive amount is anticipated to drain into the sea ecosystem ultimately.
References
Lockie A, Geddes N. Natural health, complete guide to Homeopathy. Dorling Kindersley Ltd. Great Britin 2000; 142, 143.
Plant encyclopedia at: http://www.bioforceusa.com/pflant-encyclopaedia/sanguinaria_canadensis.php, Accessed on April 23rd 2012.
Godowski KC. Antimicrobial action of sanguinarine. J Clin Dent 1989; 1(4): 96-101.
Reynolds T, Dweck AC. Aloe vera leaf gel, a review update. J Ethnopharmacol 1999; 68: 3-37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(99)00085-9
Shinwari ZK, Rehman M, Watanabe T, Yoshikawa T. A Pictorial guide to medicinal plants of Pakistan 2006. Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Pakistan: 34.
WHO Monograpgh on selected medicinal plants. WHO press, Geneva 2007; Vol. 3: pp. 194-195.
WOI: The wealth of India. Raw materials. A. Revised edition. India. NISCAIR Press 2003; Vol-1: p. 193.
Rana H. Toxicological studies of Azadirachtaindica and Annonasquamosa extracts in comparision with cypermethrin and endosulfan: comparative toxicological studies of selected plant extracts and insecticides against dipterous flies. PhD thesis submitted to the University of Karachi, Pakistan 2014.
Bliss CI. The Method of Probits. Science 1934; 79(2037): 38-39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.79.2037.38
Bliss CI. The Calculation of the Dosage-Mortality Curve. Ann Appl Biol 1935; 22(1): 134-167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.1935.tb07713.x
Finney DJ. Probit Analysis, 3rd edition. Cambridge University Press 1971.
Finney DJ, Stevens WL. A Table for the Calculation of Working Probits and Weights in Probit Analysis. Biometrika 1948; 35(1/2): 191-201. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2332639
Deora PS, Mishra CK, Paresh M, Rani A, Shrivastava B, Nema RK. Effective alternative methods of LD50 help to save number of experimental animals. J Chem Pharm Res 2010; 2(6): 450-453.
Meyer BN, Ferrigni NR, Putnam JE, Jacobsen LB, Nichols DE, McLaughlin JL. Brine shrimp: A Convenient general bioassay for active plant constituents. Plantamedica 1982; 45: 31-34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-971236
Moulds RFW, Malani J. Kava: herbal panacea or liver poison? Med J Aust 2003; 178(9): 451-453.
Jancula D, Suchomelova J, Gregor J, Smutna M, Marsalek B, Taborska E. Effects of aqueous extracts from five species of the family Papaveraceae on selected aquatic organisms. Environ Toxicol 2007; 22(5): 480-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tox.20290
Cock IE, Sirdaarta J. The toxicity of Aloe barbadensis Miller juice is due to the induction of oxidative stress. Adv Environ Biol 2011; 5(2): 288-299.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2015 Mahwish Ahmed Karim, Ghazala H. Rizwani, Afaq Ahmed Sidddiqui, Muhammad Farhanullah Khan , Mansoor Ahmed