Baccharoides lasiopus: Review of its Medicinal uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Properties
PDF

Keywords

Asteraceae, Compositae, Baccharoides lasiopus, indigenous knowledge, traditional medicine, Vernonia lasiopus.

How to Cite

Alfred Maroyi. (2020). Baccharoides lasiopus: Review of its Medicinal uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Properties. Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences, 10(5), 205–212. https://doi.org/10.29169/1927-5951.2020.10.05.5

Abstract

Baccharoides lasiopus is a woody shrub widely used as traditional medicine throughout its distributional range in tropical Africa. This study is aimed at providing a critical review of the pharmacological properties, phytochemistry, and medicinal uses of B. lasiopus. Documented information on the pharmacological properties, phytochemistry, and medicinal uses of B. lasiopus was collected from several online sources, which included Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed and Science, and pre-electronic sources such as book chapters, books, journal articles and scientific publications obtained from the university library. The articles published between 1971 and 2020 were used in this study. This study showed that the leaves, roots, stems, whole plant parts, root and stem bark of B. lasiopus are widely used as galactagogue, purgative and anthelmintic, and traditional medicine for headache, liver diseases, skin diseases, respiratory infections, malaria, augment labour, convulsions, epilepsy, fainting, female reproductive problems, and gastro-intestinal problems. Phytochemical compounds identified from the species include elemanolide type sesquiterpene lactones, alkaloids, anthraquinones, cardiac glycosides, coumarins, flavonoids, phenolics, reducing sugars, saponins, steroids, tannins, terpenoids, and xanthines. Pharmacological research revealed that B. lasiopus extracts and compounds isolated from the species have anthelmintic, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antihyperglycemic, antiplasmodial, antimalarial, antiprotozoal, haematological, hepatoprotective, hepatotoxicity, larvicidal, and cytotoxicity activities. Future research on B. lasiopus should focus on the possible biochemical mechanisms of action of both the crude extracts and identified phytochemical compounds including toxicological, in vivo, and clinical studies to corroborate the traditional medical applications of the species.

https://doi.org/10.29169/1927-5951.2020.10.05.5
PDF

References

Isawumi MA, El-Ghazaly G, Nordenstam B. Pollen morphology, floral microcharacters and taxonomy of the genus Baccharoides Moench (Vernonieae: Asteraceae). Grana 1996; 35: 205-30. https://doi.org/10.1080/00173139609430008

Robinson H, Skvarla JJ, Funk VA. Vernonieae (Asteraceae) of southern Africa: A generic disposition of the species and a study of their pollen. PhytoKeys 2016; 60: 49-126. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.60.6734

Robinson H. Six new combinations in Baccharoides Moench and Cyanthillium Blume (Vernonieae: Asteraceae). Proceed Biol Soc Washington 1990; 103: 248-53.

Smith CE. Observation on stengelioid species of Vernonia. Agriculture Handbook no. 396. Washington DC: Agriculture Research Services 1971.

Dharani N, et al. Common antimalarial trees and shrubs of East Africa: A description of species and a guide to cultivation and conservation through use. Nairobi: World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) 2010.

Friis I, Vollesen K. Flora of the Sudan-Uganda border area east of the Nile I: Catalogue of vascular plants. Det Kong Danske Vidensk Selskabs Biol Skrifter 1998; 51: 1-389

Njoroge G. Commercialisation of traditional herbal products in central province of Kenya: Challenges in providing sustainable supplies. Afr J Trad Compl Alt Med 2009; 6: 346.

Chhabra SC, Uiso FC, Mshiu EN. Phytochemical screening of Tanzanian medicinal plants. I. J Ethnopharmacol 1984; 11: 157-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(84)90037-0

Dharani N. Field guide to common trees and shrubs of East Africa. Cape Town: Struik Nature 2019.

Tabuti JRS, et al. Herbal medicine use in the districts of Nakapiripirit, Pallisa, Kanungu, and Mukono in Uganda. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2012; 8: 35. https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-8-35

Gumisiriza H, et al. Medicinal plant species used by local communities around Queen Elizabeth National Park, Maramagambo Central Forest Reserve and Ihimbo Central Forest Reserve, South western Uganda. J Ethnopharmacol 2019; 239: 111926. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2019.111926

Njonge FK, et al. Assessment of herbal anthelmintics used by the farmers in Kirinyaga county, Kenya, for the treatment of helminthiosis in cattle. Afr J Pharm Pharmacol 2013; 7(29): 2100-4. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJPP2013.3511

Githinji JM, Maitho T, Mbaria JM. Ethnobotanical study of plants used in control of ectoparasites in Murang’a county, Kenya. IOSR J Pharm Biol Sci 2018; 13(4): 56-62.

Kipsang JK. An ethno-veterinary survey of medicinal plants used in treating sheep helminthiases in Koibatek and Mogotio sub counties, Baringo County, Kenya. Scholars J Agr Vet Sci 2018; 5(7): 385-93.

Hamill FA, et al. Traditional herbal drugs of southern Uganda, 1. J Ethnopharmacol 2000; 70: 281-300. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(00)00180-X

Njoroge NG, et al. Utilisation of weed species as sources of traditional medicines in central Kenya. Lyonia 2004; 7: 71-87.

Kareru PG, et al. Traditional medicines among the Embu and Mbeere peoples of Kenya. Afr J Trad Compl Alt Med 2007; 4(1): 75-86. https://doi.org/10.4314/ajtcam.v4i1.31193

Mukazayire MJ, et al. Evaluation of the hepatotoxic and hepatoprotective effect of Rwandese herbal drugs on in vivo (guinea pigs barbiturate-induced sleeping time) and in vitro (rat precision-cut liver slices PCLS) models. Exp Toxicol Pathol 2010; 62: 289-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etp.2009.04.005

Kamau LN, et al. Ethnobotanical survey and threats to medicinal plants traditionally used for the management of human diseases in Nyeri county, Kenya. Tang 2016; 6(3): e21. https://doi.org/10.5667/tang.2016.0007

Tugume P, et al. Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plant species used by communities around Mabira Central Forest Reserve, Uganda. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2016; 12: 5. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13002-015-0077-4

Ochwang’i DO, et al. Medicinal plants used in treatment and management of cancer in Kakamega county, Kenya. J Ethnopharmacol 2014; 151: 1040-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2013.11.051

Chifundera K. Contribution to the inventory of medicinal plants from the Bushi area, South Kivu province, Democratic Republic of Congo. Fitoterapia 2001; 72: 351-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-326X(00)00294-X

Ssegawa P, Kasenene JM. Medicinal plant diversity and uses in the Sango bay area, southern Uganda. J Ethnopharmacol 2007; 113: 521-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2007.07.014

Hedberg I, et al. Inventory of plants used in traditional medicine in Tanzania 1: Plants of the families Acanthaceae - Cucurbitaceae. J Ethnopharmacol 1982; 6: 29-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(82)90070-8

Kamatenesi-Mugisha M, Oryem-Origa H, Odyek O. Medicinal plants used in some gynaecological morbidity ailments in western Uganda. Afr J Ecol 2007; 45: 34-40. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2028.2007.00735.x

Njoroge GN, Kibunga JW. Herbal medicine acceptance, sources and utilization for diarrhoea management in a cosmopolitan urban area (Thika, Kenya). Afr J Ecol 2007; 45: 65-70. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2028.2007.00740.x

Kokwaro JO. Medicinal plants of East Africa. Nairobi: University of Nairobi Press 2009.

Dharani N, Yenesew A. Medicinal plants of East Africa: An illustrated guide. Nairobi: Najma Dharani 2010.

Adia MM, et al. Medicinal plants used in malaria treatment by Prometra herbalists in Uganda. J Ethnopharmacol 2014; 155: 580-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2014.05.060

Amuka O, et al. Ethnobotanical survey of selected medicinal plants used by Ogiek communities in Kenya against microbial infections. Ethnobot Res Appl 2014; 12: 627-41. https://doi.org/10.17348/era.12.0.627-641

Tarwish B, Ngeranwa JJN, Matasyoh JC. Larvicidal activity and phytochemical composition of crude extracts derived from Vernonia spp. against Anopheles gambiae. Bonorowo Wetlands 2017; 1: 108-16. https://doi.org/10.13057/bonorowo/w070207

Kiconco C, et al. Documentation and phytochemical screening of most commonly used nutri-medicinal plants by pregnant women in Kyeizooba, Bushenyi district, western Uganda. J Pharmacogn Nat Prod 2020; 6: 1.

Gakuya DW, et al. Ethnobotanical survey of biopesticides and other medicinal plants traditionally used in Meru central district of Kenya. J Ethnopharmacol 2013; 145: 547-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2012.11.028

Mukazayirea M-J, et al. Traditional phytotherapy remedies used in southern Rwanda for the treatment of liver diseases. J Ethnopharmacol 2011; 138: 415-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2011.09.025

Katuura E, et al. Traditional treatment of malaria in Mbarara district, western Uganda. Afr J Ecol 2007; 45: 48-51. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2028.2007.00737.x

Muthaura CN, et al. Traditional phytotherapy of some remedies used in treatment of malaria in Meru district of Kenya. S Afr J Bot 2007; 73: 402-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2007.03.004

Stangeland T, et al. Plants used to treat malaria in Nyakayojo sub-county, western Uganda. J Ethnopharmacol 2011; 137: 154-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2011.05.002

Malinga GM, et al. An ethnobotanical study of plants used for the treatment of malaria in Budondo sub-county, Eastern Uganda. Ethnobot Res Appl 2020; 19: 4. https://doi.org/10.32859/era.19.04.1-15

Njoroge GN, Bussmann RW. Traditional management of ear, nose and throat (ENT) diseases in Central Kenya. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2006; 2: 54. https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-2-54

Kareji AE. Evaluation of herbal drugs used to treat fungal and bacterial diseases in Mbeere, eastern Kenya. Int J Herbal Med 2013; 1(4): 85-7.

Njoroge GN, Bussmann RW. Ethnotherapeautic management of skin diseases among the Kikuyus of central Kenya. J Ethnopharmacol 2007; 111: 303-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2006.11.025

Odhiambo JA, Lukhoba CW, Dossaji SF. Evaluation of herbs as potential drugs/medicines. Afr J Trad Compl Alt Med 2011; 8: 144-51. https://doi.org/10.4314/ajtcam.v8i5S.20

Koul JL, et al. In vitro cytotoxic elemanolides from Vernonia lasiopus. Pl Med 2003; 69(2): 164-6. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2003-37704

Kimani NM, et al. Anti-Trypanosomatid elemanolide sesquiterpene lactones from Vernonia lasiopus O. Hoffm. Molecules 2017; 22: 597. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22040597

Kimani NM, et al. Antiprotozoal sesquiterpene lactones from Schkuhria pinnata, Tarchonanthus camphoratus and Vernonia lasiopus. Pl Med Int Open 2017; 4(1): 1-2. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1608192

Njagi JM, et al. Determination of hematological effects of methanolic leaf extract of Vernonia lasiopus in normal mice. J Blood Lymph 2015; 5: 139.

Ochwang’i DO, et al. Phytochemical screening of medicinal plants of the Kakamega country, Kenya commonly used against cancer. Med Aromatic Pl 2016; 5: 6. https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-0412.1000277

Rachuonyo HO, et al. In vitro antifungal activity of leaf extracts from Aloe secundiflora, Bulbine frutescens, Vernonia lasiopus and Tagetes minuta against Candida albicans. Med Aromatic Pl 2016; 5: 2.

Rachuonyo HO, et al. Combined effect of crude leaf extracts of selected medicinal plants against selected enteric bacterial pathogens and Candida albicans. J Antimicrob Agents 2016; 2: 110.

Rachuonyo HO, et al. Antimicrobial potency of methanolic leaf extracts from selected medicinal plants against Staphylococcus aureus. J Med Microbiol Diagn 2016; 5: 1.

Rachuonyo HO, Gatheri GW, Nyamache AK. Antimicrobial evaluation of crude methanolic leaf extracts from selected medicinal plants against Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol Parasitol 2016; 7: 3. https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9597.1000272

Rachuonyo HO, Gatheri GW, Nyamache AK. Antimicrobial activity of crude leaf extracts from medicinal plants against Enterococcus faecalis. Int J Trad Compl Med 2016; 1(2): 1-9.

Rachuonyo HO, et al. In vitro antimicrobial activity of crude leaf extracts from Aloe secundiflora, Bulbine frutescens, Vernonia lasiopus and Tagetes minuta against Salmonella typhi. J Trad Med Clinical Naturopathy 2016; 5: 2.

Kimani NL, Njagi ENM, Orinda GO. In vivo oral and intraperitoneal administration of extract from Vernonia lasiopus. Med Aromatic Pl 2017; 6: 6.

Mutembei JK, et al. Phytochemical and antimicrobial evaluation of selected medicinal plants in Meru community of Kenya. J Med Pl Econ Develop 2018; 2(1): a44. https://doi.org/10.4102/jomped.v2i1.44

Kareru PG, et al. Antimicrobial activity of some medicinal plants used by herbalists in eastern Province, Kenya. Afr J Trad Compl Alt Med 2008; 5(1): 51-5. https://doi.org/10.4314/ajtcam.v5i1.31256

Vlietinck AJ, et al. Screening of hundred Rwandese medicinal plants for antimicrobial and antiviral properties. J Ethnopharmacol 1995; 46: 31-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(95)01226-4

Muregi FW, et al. In vitro antiplasmodial activity of some plants used in Kisii, Kenya against malaria and their chloroquine potentiation effects. J Ethnopharmacol 2003; 84: 235-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(02)00327-6

Irungu BN, et al. In vitro antiplasmodial and cytotoxicity activities of 14 medicinal plants from Kenya. S Afr J Bot 2007; 73: 204-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2006.11.004

Muthaura CN, et al. Antiplasmodial potential of traditional phytotherapy of some remedies used in treatment of malaria in Meru-Tharaka Nithi county of Kenya. J Ethnopharmacol 2015; 175: 315-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2015.09.017

Njenga D, et al. Antiplasmodial, cytotoxic and acute toxicity activities of Vernonia lasiopus O. Hoffman. Afr J Pharmacol Therapeutics 2015; 4: 16-20.

Muregi FW, et al. Antimalarial activity of methanolic extracts from plants used in Kenyan ethnomedicine and their interactions with chloroquine (CQ) against a CQ-tolerant rodent parasite, in mice. J Ethnopharmacol 2007; 111(1): 190-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2006.11.009

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences