Structural Characterization of ZS – 2A: An Antiplasmodial Compound Isolated from Zizyphus spina-christi Root Bark
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6000/1927-5951.2011.01.01.09Keywords:
ZS-2A, spectroscopy, thermo-analysis, betulinic acidAbstract
Zizyphus spina-christi (Rhamnaceae) is a popular medicinal plant that grows wildly in Asia and Tropical Africa. The plant is widely used in ethnomedical practice for the treatment of fever. As a step towards the isolation of biologically active constituents of this plant, we carried out a bioassay guided extraction of the root bark using solvents of varying polarity including, hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate and methanol. An antiplasmodial compound, designated as ZS-2A, was isolated from the chloroform extract and the chemical structure of the compound was characterized using UVvisible, IR, 13C and 1H NMR and thermo-analytical techniques. Our analysis established ZS – 2A as a betulinic acid.
References
Al-Said M.S., 1993. Traditional medicinal plants of Saudi Arabia. American Journal of Clinical Medicine, 21, 291 - 298.
Burkill H.M., 1997. The Useful plants of West Tropical Africa. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. UK. Vol.4, pp. 493 - 496.
Adzu B., Haruna A.K., 2007. Studies on the use of Zizyphus spina-christi against pain in rats and mice. African Journal of Biotechnology, 6, 1317 – 1324.
Adzu B., Haruna A.K., Salawu O.A., Sule A., 2007a. Bioassay-guided evaluation of the antidiarrhoeal potentials of Zizyphus spina-christi rootbark in rats. International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 1, 15 – 20.
Adzu B., Haruna A.K., Salawu O.A., Katsayal U.A., Njan A., 2007b. In vivo antiplasmodial activity of ZS-2A: A fraction from chloroform extract of Zizyphus spina-christi rootbark against Plasmodium berghei berghei in mice. International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 1: 281 – 286.
Adzu B., Haruna A.K., Ilyas M., Gamaniel K.S., 2008. CNS activity of ZS-1A: Phytoceutical from Zizyphus spina-christi rootbark. International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 2, 456 – 461.
Yu L., Zhao M., Yang B., Zhao Q., Jiang Y., 2007. Phenolics from hull of Garcia mangostana fruit and their antioxidant activities. Food Chemistry, 104, 176 – 181.
O’neill M.J., 1964. The analysis of a temperature-controlled scanning calorimeter. Analytical Chemistry, 36, 1238 – 1245.
Finar I.L., 1975. Organic Chemistry Vol. 2: Stereochemistry and the chemistry of natural product. 5th ed. Longmans Singapore Publishers Pte Ltd. pp. 17 – 18.
Furniss B.S., Hannaford A.J., Smith P.W.G., Tatchell A.R., 1989. Vogel’s Textbook of Practical Organic Chemistry. Longman Singapore Publishers Pte Ltd, pp. 236, 259, 1413.
Shaari K., Waterman P.G., 1996. D; A-Friedo – oleanane triterpenes from the stem of Homalium longifolium. Phytochemistry, 41, 867 – 869.
Lima E.M.C., Medeiros J.M.R., Davin L.B., 2003. Pentacyclic triterpenes from Euphorbia slygiana. Phytochemistry, 63, 421 – 425.
Jeller A.H., Silva D.H.S., Liao L.M., Bolzani V., da S, Furlan M., 2004. Antioxidant phenolic and quinonemethide triterpenes from Cheiloclinium cognatum. Phytochemistry, 65, 1977 – 1982.
Na M., Cui L., Min B.S., Bae K., Yoo J.K., Kim B.Y., Oh W.K., Ahn J.S., 2006. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibitory activity of triterpenes isolated from Astilbe korea. Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 16, 3273 – 3276.
Cáceres – Castillo D., Mena – Rejón G.J., Cedillo – Rivera R., Quijano L., 2008. 21 – Hydroxy – Oleanane – type triterpenes from Hippocratea excelsa. Phytochemistry, 69, 1057 – 1064.
Yogeeswari P., Sriram D., 2005. Betulinic acid and its derivatives: A review on their biological properties. Curr. Medicinal Chemistry, 12, 657 – 666.
de Sa M.S., Costa J.F., Krettli A.U., Zalis M.G., Maia G.L., Sette I.M., Camara Cde A., Filho J.M., Giulietti-Harley A.M., Ribeiro Dos Santos R., Soares M.B., 2009. Antimalarial activity of betulinic acid and derivatives in vitro against Plasmodium falciparum and in vivo berghei-infected mice. Parasitological Research, 105, 275 – 279.
Jäger S., Trojan H., Kopp T., Laszczyk M.N., Scheffler A., 2009. Pentacyclic triterpene distribution in various plants-rich sources for a new group of multi- potent plant extracts. Molecules, 4, 2016 – 2031.
Suksamrarn A, Tanachatchairatana T, Kanokmedhakw S (2003). Antiplasmodial triterpenes from twigs of Gardenia saxatilis. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 88, 275 – 277.
Domínguez-Carmona D.B., Escalante F., García-Sosa K., Ruiz-Pinell G., Gutierrez-Yabu D., Chan-Bacab M.J., Gimenez-Turba A., Penňa-Rodríguez L.M., 2010. Antiprotozoal activity of betulinic acid derivatives. Phytomedicine, 17, 379 – 382.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
Similar Articles
- Rashidi Othman , Razanah Ramya , Muhammad Azzubair Azeman , Norazian Mohd. Hassan , Suhair Kamoona, Extraction, and Characterization of Carotenoids from 11 Allelopathic Plant Species as Potential Halal Food Colorants and Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients , Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences : Vol. 10 No. 1 (2020)
- Neshati, F. Rahmani , H. Doulati-Baneh, Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activities of Skins and Seeds of Foreign and Iranian Grapes , Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences : Vol. 4 No. 1 (2014)
- Ajeet, Laxmi Tripathi , Arvind Kumar, Synthesis, Spectral Characterization, Docking Studies and QSAR Screening of 4-amino-benzenesulfonamides/N-acetyl 4-amino-benzenesulfonamide Derivatives as Antimicrobial Agents , Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences : Vol. 4 No. 2 (2014)
- Seah Young Ng, Loo Wee Chia, Birdie Scott Padam , Fook Yee Chye, Effect of Selected Oligosaccharides on the Viability and Fermentation Kinetics of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus casei in Cultured Milk , Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences : Vol. 4 No. 2 (2014)
- Rukmaini , Nur Indrawaty Lipoeto , Masrul , Nursyirwan Effendi, The Analysis of Anemia Prevention Model in Pregnant Women in Banten , Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences : Vol. 9 No. 6 (2019)
- Saghir Ahmed Sheikh, Benish Nawaz Merani, Aijaz Hussain Somro, Liaquat Jamali , Aasia Akbar Panhwar, Investigation of Physical Quality Characteristics of Dry Land and Wet Land Wheat Varieties , Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences : Vol. 4 No. 2 (2014)
- Abubaker Ibrahim Elbur, Diabetes Self-Care Activities (Diet & Exercise) and Adherence to Treatment: A Hospital –Based Study among Diabetic Male Patients in Taif, Saudi Arabia , Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences : Vol. 4 No. 2 (2014)
- Vivi Silawati , Afrizal , Nursyirwan Effendi , Masrul , Retno Widowati , Triana Indrayani , Andi Imam Arundhana , Factors Associated with Coping Strategies among Primigravida Pregnant Women in Jakarta , Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences : Vol. 9 No. 5 (2019)
- Alfred Maroyi, Medicinal Uses, Biological and Chemical Properties of Wild Plum (Harpephyllum caffrum): An Indigenous Fruit Plant of Southern Africa , Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences : Vol. 9 No. 5 (2019)
- C. R. Vasudish, S. Nataraj , K. S. Premavalli, Development and Shelf Stability of Natural Fibre Rich Retort Pouch Ready to Eat Products , Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences : Vol. 4 No. 2 (2014)
You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.