Hot Acid Extraction, Characterisation and Scavenging Activity of Pectin from Hylocereus polyrhizus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29169/1927-5951.2019.09.05.6Keywords:
Pectin, gelatin, Hylocereus polyrhizus, antioxidant, hot acid extraction.Abstract
Gelatin is extensively added to the food products for quality improvements of food entities. The role of gelatin as food thickener, texturizer, stabilizer, ingredient and as an animal based source has restricted its liberal use. However, the usage of this animal-based food quality improver has become less popular due to religious constraints and health restrictions. In fact, it is now direly needed to replace animal-based gelatin by plant-based. Pectin, the basic building material of cell walls in the terrestrial plant has great potential to be gelatin replacer as it can work as a gelling agent, thickener and also a stabilizer. Dragon fruit contains pectin which has high-value functional food as well as healthenhancing properties to substitute gelatin’s function in foods production. The current study aims to extract pectin from dragon fruit peels by using hot acid extraction. The optimum conditions for extraction were found to be at 75ºC and pH 3.5 based on the highest percentage of pectin yield (33%). The FTIR result proved that dragon fruit peel contained pectin, which can be used as gelatin replacer are free from any religious and health-wise prohibitions. Pectin extracted was characterized in terms of moisture (14.03 ± 1.925) and ash content (8.73 ± 1.218). The extracted pectin of dragon fruit peel acts as the best gelatin replacer compared to commercial pectin and gelatins from the market. The prepared fruit peels also exhibit high DPPH scavenging activity (57.94%) with methanol extract (2mg/ml).
References
Weightman RM, Renard CMGC, Gallanta DJ, Thibault, JA. Structure and properties of the polysaccharides from pea hulls-II. Modification of the composition and physico-chemical properties of pea hulls by chemical extraction of the constituent polysaccharides. Carbohyd Polym 1995; 26(2): 121-128. https://doi.org/10.1016/0144-8617(94)00102-Y
Hanani ZAN. Gelatin. In: Caballero B, Finglas P, Toldra F, editors. Encyclopedia of Food and Health. 1st ed. London: Academic Press 2016; p. 191-195. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-384947-2.00347-0
Nik Aisyah NM, Nurul H, Azhar ME, Fazilah, A. Poultry as an Alternative Source of Gelatin. Health Environ J 2014; 5(1): 37-49.
Mariod AA, Abdelwahab SI, Ibrahim MY, Mohan S, Elgadir MA, Ain, NM. Preparation and Characterization of Gelatins from Two Sudanese Edible Insects. J Food Sci Eng 2011; 1(2011): 45-55.
Adam Mariod A, Fadul, H. Review: Gelatin, Source, Extraction And Industrial Applications. Acta Sci Pol Technol Aliment 2013; 12(2): 135-147.
Jaswir I, Alotaibi A, Jamal P, Octavianti F, Lestari W, Hendri R, Alkahtani, H. Optimization of extraction process of plant-based gelatin replacer. Int Food Res J 2016; 23(6): 2519-2524.
Khan M, Bibi N, Zeb, A. Optimization of Process Conditions for Pectin Extraction from Citrus Peel. Sci Technol Dev 2015; 34(1): 9-15. https://doi.org/10.3923/std.2015.9.15
Khan AA, Butt MS, Randhawa MA, Karim R, Sultan MT, Ahmed, W. Extraction and characterization of pectin from grapefruit (Duncan cultivar) and its utilization as gelling agent. Int Food Res J 2014; 21(6): 2195-2199.
Miceli-Garcia LG. Pectin From Apple Pomace?: Extraction, Characterization and Utilization in Encapsulating ?-Tocopherol Acetate. University of Nebraska-Lincoln, MS Thesis 2014.
Chan SY, Choo, WS. Effect of extraction conditions on the yield and chemical properties of pectin from cocoa husks. Food Chem 2013; 141(4): 3752-3758. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.06.097
Zaid RM, Zularisam AW, Mimi Sakina, AM. Effect of Process Parameters on Pectin Extraction from Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) Peels via Chemical and Physical Treatment. Aust J Basic & Appl Sci 2016; 10(17), 69-74.
Tang PY, Wong CJ, Woo, KK. Optimization of Pectin Extraction from Peel of Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus). Asian J Biol Sci 2011; 4: 189-195. https://doi.org/10.3923/ajbs.2011.189.195
Singthong J, Cui SW, Ningsanond S, Douglas Goff, H. Structural characterization, degree of esterification and some gelling properties of Krueo Ma Noy (Cissampelos pareira) pectin. Carbohyd Polym 2004; 58(4): 391-400. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2004.07.018
Nisa A, Saeed K, Hina S, Zahra N, Mazhar S, Kalim I, Syed, Q. Nutritional, Antioxidant, Microbiological and Toxicological Studies on Red Dye Extracted from Red Beet Roots (Beta vulgaris). Res J Chem Sci 2015; 5(4): 1-6.
Happi Emaga T, Ronkart SN, Robert C, Wathelet B, Paquot, M. Characterisation of pectins extracted from banana peels (Musa AAA) under different conditions using an experimental design. Food Chem 2008; 108(2): 463-471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.10.078
Koubala BB, Mbome LI, Kansci G, Tchouanguep Mbiapo F, Crepeau MJ, Thibault JF, Ralet, MC. Physicochemical properties of pectins from ambarella peels (Spondias cytherea) obtained using different extraction conditions. Food Chem 2008; 106(3): 1202-1207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.07.065
Nazaruddin R, Norazelina SMI, Norziah MH, Zainudin, M. Pectins from Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) Peel. Malays Appl Biol 2011; 40: 19-23.
Bhat SA, Singh, ER. Extraction and Characterization of Pectin from Guava Fruit Peel. Int J Res Eng & Adv Technol 2014; 2(3): 1-7.
Sandarani MDJC. A Review: Different Extraction Techniques of Pectin. J Pharmacogn Nat Prod 2017; 3(3): 1-5. https://doi.org/10.4172/2472-0992.1000143
Royer G, Madieta E, Symoneaux R, Jourjon, F. Preliminary study of the production of apple pomace and quince jelly. LWT - Food Sci Technol 2006; 39(9): 1022-1025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2006.02.015
Masmoudi M, Besbes S, Abbes F, Robert C, Paquot M, Blecker C, Attia, H. Pectin Extraction from Lemon By-Product with Acidified Date Juice: Effect of Extraction Conditions on Chemical Composition of Pectins. Food Bioprocess Tech 2008; 5(2): 687-695. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-010-0344-2
Azad AKM, Ali MA, Akter MS, Rahman MJ, Ahmed, M. Isolation and Characterization of Pectin Extracted from Lemon Pomace during Ripening. J Food Nutr Sci 2014; 2(2): 30-25. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jfns.20140202.12
Mollea C, Chiampo F, Conti, R. Extraction and characterization of pectins from cocoa husks: A preliminary study. Food Chem 2008; 107(3): 1353-1356. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.09.006
Prakash Maran J, Sivakumar V, Thirugnanasambandham K, Sridhar, R. Optimization of microwave assisted extraction of pectin from orange peel. Carbohyd Polym 2013; 97(2): 703-709. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.05.052
Kurita O, Fujiwara T, Yamazaki, E. Characterization of the pectin extracted from citrus peel in the presence of citric acid. Carbohydr Polym 2008; 74(3): 725-730. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2008.04.033
Wang X, Chen Q, Lu, X. Pectin extracted from apple pomace and citrus peel by subcritical water. Food Hydrocoll 2014; 38: 129-137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2013.12.003
Zaidel DNA, Rashid JM, Hamidon NH, Salleh LM, and Kassim, ASM. Extraction and characterization of pectin from dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) peels. Chem Eng Trans 2017; 56: 805-810.
Ismail NSM, Ramli N, Hani NM, Meon, Z. Extraction and characterization of pectin from dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) using various extraction conditions. Sains Malays 2012; 41(1): 41-45.
Urias-Orona V, Rascon-Chu A, Lizardi-Mendoza J, Carvajal-Millan E, Gardea AA, Ramirez-Wong, B. A Novel Pectin Material?: Extraction , Characterization and Gelling Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2010; 11(10): 3686-3695. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms11103686
Muhammad K, Zahari NIM, Gannasin SP, Adzahan NM, Bakar, J. High methoxyl pectin from dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) peel. Food Hydrocoll 2014; 42: 289-297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2014.03.021
Ramli NS, Ismail P, Rahmat, A. Influence of Conventional and Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction on Phenolic Contents , Betacyanin Contents , and Antioxidant Capacity of Red Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus). Sci World J 2014; 2014:1-7. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/964731
Ibrahim D, Hazali N, Jauhari N, Omar MN, Yahya MNA, Ahmed IA, Mikail MA, Ibrahim, M. Physicochemical and antioxidant characteristics of Baccaurea angulata fruit juice extract. Afr J Biotechnol 2013; 12(34): 5333-5338. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJB2013.12989
Sari AR, Hardiyanti, R. ntioxidant Level and Sensory of Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus undatus) Peel Tea Infusion Made by Partially Fermented Process. Agroindustrial J, 2(1): 63-68.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2019 Nurrulhidayah Ahmad Fadzillah , Rashidi Othman , Norazian Mohd. Hassan , Nurul Widad Fitri Muhammad, Ainaa Eliah Abu Bakar , Nur Hidayah Noh , Noraini Mahmad
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
Similar Articles
- Vui Fui Vun, Siong Chin Poh, Hip Seng Yim, Rose, a Potential Nutraceutical: An Assessment of the Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity , Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences : Vol. 3 No. 1 (2013)
- Jamaluddin, Angriani Abdullah , Yonelian Yuyun, The Effect of Chloride Acid Concentration and Demineralization Time on Gelatin Characteristic of EEL Fish Bones (Anguilla marmorata (Q.) Gaimard) , Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences : Vol. 9 No. 1 (2019)
- Stefania Garzoli, Secondary Metabolites: Detection and Bioactivity , Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences : Vol. 12 (2022)
- Jamaluddin, Ayu Putu Putriasih, Yonelian Yuyun , Agustinus Widodo, The Comparison Extraction Methods of Crude Fat Content and Fatty Acid Profile of Eels (Anguilla marmorata (Q.) Gaimard) from Lake Poso , Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences : Vol. 9 No. 2 (2019)
- Manisha Bhatti, Anjoo Kamboj , Ajay Kumar Saluja, Phytochemical Screening and In-Vitro Evaluation of Antioxidant Activities of Various Extracts of Leaves and Stems of Kalanchoe crenata , Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences : Vol. 2 No. 1 (2012)
- Md. Sahab Uddin , G.M. Sala Uddin , Mst. Marium Begum , Yesmin Begum , Oscar Herrera-Calderon , Md. Manjurul Islam , Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim, Inspection of Phytochemical Content and In Vitro Antioxidant Profile of Gnaphalium luteoalbum L.: An Unexplored Phytomedicine , Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences : Vol. 7 No. 3 (2017)
- Kanokkarn Phromnoi , Maitree Suttajit, Chalermpong Saenjum, Polyphenols and Rosmarinic acid Contents, Antioxidant and Anti- Inflammatory Activities of Different Solvent Fractions from Nga- Mon (Perilla frutescens) Leaf , Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences : Vol. 9 No. 5 (2019)
- Kandasamy Nagarajan, Sneha Singh, Taleuzzaman, Sadaf J. Gilani , A. Mazumder, Assessment of Anti-Oxidant Potency of Small Chain Glycopeptides Using DPPH Free Radical Scavenging Assay , Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences : Vol. 2 No. 2 (2012)
- Anuck Islary, Jatin Sarmah , Sanjay Basumatary, Nutritional Properties, Phytochemicals and In Vitro Antioxidant Assessment of Two Wild Edible Fruits from Assam of North-East India , Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences : Vol. 7 No. 2 (2017)
- Md. Tanjir Islam, Afrin Khan Priyanka, Tania Sultana, Md. Hassan Kawsar, Md. Helal Uddin Sumon , Md. Didaruzzaman Sohel, In Vitro Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic activities of Polygonum orientale (Bishkatali) , Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences : Vol. 6 No. 3 (2016)
You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.
Most read articles by the same author(s)
- Azrina Ismail , Norshazila Shahidan , Nashriyah Mat , Rashidi Othman, Effect of Salicylic Acid on Carotenoids and Chlorophyll Content in Mas Cotek (Ficus deltoidea Jack var. trengganuensis) Leaves and its Retinol Activity Equivalents (RAE) , Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences : Vol. 10 No. 1 (2020)
- Nurrulhidayah Ahmad Fadzillah , Abdul Rohman , Amin Ismail , Yanty Noorziana Abdul Manaf , Arieff Salleh Rosman , Alfi Khatib , Norazian Mohd. Hassan , Rashidi Othman, Chemometrics Analysis Combined with GC-MS and NMR Spectroscopy Analysis of Fatty Acids as a Means of Discriminating Butterfat Adulteration , Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences : Vol. 9 No. 2 (2019)
- Rashidi Othman, Nur Alifah Md Amin, Ainaa Eliah Abu Bakar, Nurrulhidayah Ahmad Fadzillah , Noraini Mahmad, Carotenoid Pigments of Red, Green and Brown Macroalgae Species as Potential Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients , Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences : Vol. 9 No. 1 (2019)
- Nurrulhidayah Ahmad Fadzillah , Rashidi Othman , Norazian Mohd. Hassan , Ainaa Eliah Abu Bakar , Nur Hidayah Noh , Noraini Mahmad, Bioactivity and Stability Studies of Betalain-Containing Extracts from Beta vulgaris L. , Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences : Vol. 9 No. 2 (2019)
- Rashidi Othman , Norazian Mohd. Hassan , Ainaa Eliah Abu Bakar , Nur Hidayah Noh , Nurrulhidayah Ahmad Fadzillah , Noraini Mahmad, Manipulation of Environmental Stress Towards Lutein Production in Chlorella fusca Cell Culture , Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences : Vol. 9 No. 5 (2019)